It's true that the word "martial" is related to war and fighting. But as a sport, martial arts offer kids an excellent opportunity to learn athletic skills, self-defense, respect, and self-discipline. They also learn when and where kicking, punching, and wrestling are appropriate—and not.
The basics: There are dozens or styles of martial arts. Robert Rousseau, About's Guide to Martial Arts, groups them into five different styles, listed here with some popular examples:
- Striking or stand-up styles, in which practitioners learn to defend themselves against an attacker using kicks, punches, and blocks: Karate, tae kwon do, kung fu
- Grappling or groundfighting styles: Wrestling, jiu jitsu
- Throwing or takedown styles: Aikido, judo, hapkido
- Weapons-based styles: Kendo, some forms of karate
- Meditative styles: Tai chi
Age kids can start: About 4. Starting at about 6, kids and parents may be able to take classes together.
Skills needed/used: Physical fitness, self-discipline, coordination, concentration. Most kids' martial arts classes aim to teach values such as respect and self-confidence along with the strikes and throws of the sport.
Best for kids who are: Eager to learn. With such a range of styles, there is a martial art for almost everyone. It appeals to kids who want to practice with a team and those who prefer individual competition.
Season/when played: Year-round.
Team or individual? Individual (schools may compete in tournaments together but belts and trophies are awarded to individuals). Boys and girls usually practice together and compete against each other.
Levels: Most forms of martial arts have a belt system in which athletes earn a series of color-coded belts based on skills and/or individual test results. People of all ages, but at similar levels of ability, often practice together.
Appropriate for kids with special needs: Yes. Kids with attention deficits may find a new sense of focus in martial arts. With its emphasis on balance, coordination, concentration, and flexibility, kids' martial arts can be beneficial for children with a variety of physical, emotional, or cognitive challenges. The Special Olympics offers a judo program.
Fitness factor: High; martial arts combines strength training and cardio fitness. Some styles emphasize lower-body movements and kicks; others use more upper-body strength. (Watch a video about the benefits of karate.)
Equipment: Schools typically require students to purchase a uniform (usually drawstring pants and a kimono-style top). If the style includes sparring, kids must wear protective equipment (headgear and pads). Some styles use weapons such as wooden staffs or swords. When you scope out schools, ask what is required and how much it costs.
Costs: Expect to pay roughly $100 per month for kids' classes (meeting once or twice a week). If your child participates in tournaments, you will need to cover entry fees and travel costs.
Time commitment required: Beginners usually practice once or twice a week for 30 to 45 minutes. As kids earn belts they add more training time. Tournaments usually last a full day or weekend.
Potential for injury: Low, if studio floors are suitably padded, students use safety gear, and instructors teach students how to fall correctly. View a video about karate safety.
How to find a program: If you know what style you are looking for, do an Internet search for its name + your location. You may also find martial arts classes offered at your YMCA, community center, or parks and recreation department. These can be a good way to test out martial arts overall, and specific disciplines in particular. Also try:
If your child likes martial arts, also try: Boxing, wrestling, yoga
